Formula
Three formulas make up AKTU’s grading system.
SGPA = Σ(Ci × Gi) / ΣCi, for one semester. CGPA = Σ(Ci × Si) / ΣCi, across every semester completed. Percentage = CGPA × 10, under the current ordinance rule.
Ci is the credit value of a subject (for SGPA) or the total credits of a semester (for CGPA). Gi is the grade point scored in a subject, from 0 to 10. Si is the SGPA of semester i. Σ means add up across every subject or semester included. CGPA is rounded to two decimal places (clause 14.4(d)).
Worked example
Student A takes five subjects in one semester, worth 4, 4, 3, 3 and 2 credits, and scores A+, A, B+, B and A.
The points are 10, 9, 8, 7 and 9. Multiplied by credits: 40, 36, 24, 21 and 18. Add these: 40+36+24+21+18=139. Divide by total credits, 16: 139 ÷ 16 = 8.6875, which rounds to 8.69. Student A’s SGPA for the semester is 8.69.
If Student A’s CGPA across all semesters so far, worked out the same way using each semester’s SGPA and credits, comes to 8.66, the percentage conversion under the current rule is 8.66 × 10 = 86.6 percent. Under the older rule it would be (8.66 − 0.75) × 10 = 79.1 percent. The current rule is the one that applies.
Grade table
The table below sets out every grade AKTU awards, its point value and the marks range it covers.
| Grade | Points | Marks range | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| A+ | 10 | 90 to 100 | Outstanding |
| A | 9 | 80 to 89 | Excellent |
| B+ | 8 | 70 to 79 | Very Good |
| B | 7 | 60 to 69 | Good |
| C | 6 | 50 to 59 | Above Average |
| D | 5 | 45 to 49 | Average |
| E | 4 | 40 to 44 | Poor |
| F | 0 | 0 to 39 | Fail |
Where this formula comes from
AKTU’s grade table and its SGPA and CGPA formulas come from clause 14 of the B.Tech Ordinance 2018-19 (Revised), in force since session 2018-19 and still the version AKTU links as of September 2026, and the percentage conversion comes from clause 15 of the same document. The original 2018-19 PDF also sits on AKTU’s ordinance page and gives a different clause 15, (CGPA − 0.75) × 10 instead of CGPA × 10. AKTU’s official X account confirmed the percentage rule directly in a reply dated 11 August 2023: marks in percentage equals CGPA × 10. That reply concerned the percentage conversion only, not the SGPA or CGPA formulas. For any paperwork that needs a certified percentage or CGPA figure, for a job application or an admission form, ask AKTU for a conversion certificate rather than relying on this or any other calculator.
Carry-over, grace marks and divisions
A subject you fail is graded F, worth 0 points, and its credits still count in the SGPA total, as our AKTU carry-over rules guide covers in full. Passing it later in a carry-over exam replaces the F with your new grade. Carry-over exams are held with the end-semester exams, not separately (clause 11). The Revised ordinance sets no number for grace marks. If your marks are close to a pass, ask your college examination cell what was applied, because AKTU does not publish a figure. Divisions are decided on CGPA. Honours or Distinction needs 7.5 or above, with no grace marks under clause 16.1 (see our AKTU grace marks guide), no year gap and every subject passed in one attempt (Honours also needs 20 NPTEL or MOOC credits). First division runs from 6.5 up to below 7.5. Second division runs from 5.0 up to below 6.5 (clause 16.1).
Questions students ask
What is the difference between SGPA and CGPA?
SGPA covers a single semester. CGPA is the credit-weighted average of every SGPA you have earned so far, across all completed semesters. Your SGPA for a past semester stays fixed once results are out, but your CGPA changes every time a new semester is added.
How do I convert CGPA to a percentage under AKTU rules?
Multiply your CGPA by 10. This is the current rule under clause 15 of the Revised ordinance, confirmed by AKTU's own X account in August 2023. An older version of the ordinance used (CGPA − 0.75) × 10 instead, and that PDF is still online, which is why the two figures differ.
What grade point does AKTU give for a fail?
F, worth 0 points, for anything below 40 percent. The subject's credits still count towards the semester total even though it contributes 0 points, which is why a single fail can pull your SGPA down noticeably.
What CGPA do I need for First division?
A CGPA of 6.5 or above, but below 7.5, puts you in First division under clause 16.1 of the Revised ordinance. Below 6.5 but from 5.0 upward is Second division. From 7.5 upward, with no grace marks, no year gap and every subject cleared in one attempt, is Honours or Distinction.
Is the 2018-19 ordinance still current in 2026?
Yes. 2018-19 is the session the ordinance took effect, not its last update. The Revised version is still the one AKTU links from its own ordinance page, filed under the 2021-22 syllabus tree, and its percentage rule was confirmed by AKTU's X account in August 2023. This page shows the date we last checked it.
Why do some calculators show A++ for AKTU?
Some sites use a generic Indian ten-point scale, with grades such as A++ (10) and A+ (9). That is not the scale AKTU uses. AKTU's own grade table, from clause 14 of the Revised ordinance, tops out at A+ (10) and runs down to F (0). Using the wrong scale gives you the wrong SGPA, so check any calculator's grade table against the one on this page.
Related AKTU tools
Sources
B.Tech Ordinance 2018-19 (Revised), clauses 14 and 15. PDF (fms.aktu.ac.in), checked 18 September 2026
B.Tech Ordinance 2018-19 (original). PDF (aktu.ac.in), checked 18 September 2026
AKTU official X account, reply confirming CGPA × 10 (11 Aug 2023). Source page (x.com), checked 18 September 2026
Last checked against the source documents on 18 September 2026